Start with what this panel does right, because it is genuinely uncommon. Every dietary ingredient carries a printed amount. There is no blend, no total with the contents concealed inside it, and nothing marked only with a dagger for want of a figure. Seven lines, seven numbers, and the panel can be added up by anyone with a calculator. Our addition comes to 665.5 mg per capsule.
And then disclosure does what disclosure does, which is let you check. The monograph we read puts arginine's “current daily dosage trends” at 6 to 30 grams orally in three divided doses. This capsule holds 400 mg counting both arginine forms, and counting the AKG fraction generously as if all of it were arginine. Fifteen capsules would reach the bottom of that range.
The NIH is blunter about whether the range is worth reaching: 2 to 20 grams a day of arginine has “little to no effect on performance”, and little to no effect on nitric oxide concentration or blood flow either.
Citrulline is the ingredient here with the best mechanistic claim, and it is furthest from a studied amount. The NIH records a protocol using 8 grams of citrulline malate, and gives the conversion: citrulline malate is 56.64% citrulline by weight, so the 100 mg on this panel is about 57 mg of citrulline. The panel carries a second citrulline line — 100 mg of the HCL salt — and none of our sources gives a conversion for that salt, so this site invents none.
Beta-alanine, at 40 mg, is one fortieth of the bottom of the 1.6 to 6.4 gram range the NIH records over four to eight weeks. The same source notes that beta-alanine causes tingling or burning at doses of at least 800 mg, so at 40 mg you will feel nothing — which is simultaneously a comfort and a measurement.
There is a category question underneath all of that. Arginine, arginine AKG, citrulline HCL, citrulline malate and beta-alanine are the standard contents of a pre-workout supplement, and four of the five have substantial entries in the NIH's fact sheet on exercise and athletic performance. NCCIH's digest on supplements and cognitive function reviews ginkgo, omega-3s, vitamin E, curcumin and B vitamins, and does not mention amino acids at all.
The niacin is the exception and deserves credit: 7.5 mg NE is about half an adult day's requirement, the printed 47% is arithmetically correct, and it is comfortably under the 35 mg upper limit for supplemental niacin. It is also the ingredient on this panel with the least to do with what the product is sold for.
And the calcium is the one printed figure across both of this product's panels that does not survive a recalculation. 18 mg against the FDA's 1,300 mg Daily Value is 1.4%, which to the nearest whole percent is 1%. The panel prints 1,5% — not the correct value, not a whole percent, and punctuated with a comma on a US label.